exam.foreignpolicy

=Exam Review: The Changing Role of the U.S. in the World=

Abbie, Zoe, Eleanore, Malinda, Dominique

How and WHY has the role of the US changed over time?

Consider where we started in the late 1800s and where we finished in 1945.

REALLY think about whether or not our goals changed or if our goals stayed the same but the way we tried to achieve our goals changed.

Abbie:
 * Important events to look at:
 * The Spanish-American War
 * Cuba, Philippines
 * Oppression of Cubans by the Spanish
 * *Economic interest, religious ideas, security, compete with Europe's imperialism
 * Staying in Western Hemispherestill coincides with Monroe Doctrine and Manifest Destiny
 * Want the pros but not the cons
 * World War I
 * started off neutral "Neutrality Proclamation"or appeared neutral, but really favored British
 * did not want to get involved because we were trading partners with both Britain and Germany
 * Economic interest, political interest, and morality causes
 * Wilson's 14 points
 * World peace
 * self-determination
 * freedom of seas and trade
 * *League of Nations: collective security
 * World War II
 * did not want to get involved
 * economic interests
 * recovering from Great Depression
 * protected by oceans
 * Japan attacked Pearl Harbor BUT FDR favored the British (Lend-Lease Bill)
 * political and morality interests
 * protect democracy
 * protect the U.S.
 * Atomic bomb on Japan: establishes U.S. as world power
 * In the late 1800's....
 * Washington's Farewell Address
 * Monroe Doctrine
 * Manifest Destiny
 * AVOID conflict with other nations, BUT western hemisphere is ok
 * protection of the oceans
 * Main Goals Throughout
 * Economic interests
 * Political interests
 * Morality interests

ZOE:
 * __Foreign policy Notes__**
 * Washington’s Farewell Address
 * Said not to have allies
 * Don’t get involved in foreign affairs
 * Monroe Doctrine
 * Not to get involved in the European wars
 * Manifest Destiny
 * Wanted to take these ideas to foreign lands
 * Progressive movement
 * Paternalism
 * Strong navy à  needed bases
 * Wanted Cuba and the Spanish were occupying it
 * Then got involved and helped Cuba out à  they wanted the good land it had
 * this set the Spanish American war in place
 * WWI
 * Did not want to get involved in it but slowly got involved
 * The British were heavily favored over the Germans
 * Made the Neutrality Proclimation saying they would stay out
 * Eventually entered the war because Germans sank a ship with American people on it
 * Entered the war
 * After the war ended Wilson made 14 points and the League of Nations was created
 * Put huge repercussions on Germany
 * Made them take the blame for the war
 * Did not let Germany in the League of Nations
 * WWII
 * There was always a feeling of wanting to enter the war
 * Germany attacked the US with submarines
 * Pearl Harbor
 * Reason enough to enter the war
 * Mobilized for war and started the Manhattan project
 * Making an atomic bomb that would stop the Japanese from fighting
 * Paired up with the Soviets but did not REALLY want to
 * Dropped the atomic bomb à  then dropped ANOTHER one on Japan
 * Made US the “top dog” in the world

Eleonore

How and why the role of government has changed over time · Spanish American War 1898 o One of the first actions US took in a war to protect its own interests § US trade with Cuba yielded $100 million a year § Cubans mistreated by Spanish—US enters war with Spain § Role of government changes because US entered war to protect its own interests · Progressive Era o Equalized the economy by taking power from industry o Focused on the general public o Made president stronger § More economic control § Stronger in public policy and legislation § Roosevelt’s Goals · New nationalism · Strengthen executive power · Molding public opinion § Vision · Make government more powerful o Corporate regulation—Meat Act § Wilson · Vision o New Freedom—limited government and used new ways to keep conservative values · Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act of 1913 lowered tariffs · Federal Trade Commission: government regulation on big businesses · World War I o Wanted to stay uninvolved and tried not to favor any country with trade o The neutrality policy of the United States was broken after they join—role of US in the world changes greatly o Wilson wanted to prevent another World War—US actively trying to participate with other countries § World peace through 14 Points, cooperation among nations · 14 Points fails because US Senate does not ratify it § League of Nations formed · Great Depression o Hoover does not interfere with economy, believes it will right itself § Government does not play a role § Volunteerism § Reconstruction Finance Corporation o FDR tries to fix economy by gaining more executive power, but also believes people have to help too § Tried to bring relief, then recovery, then reform—a well formed, stage by stage plan to bring the US back · World War II o US does not want to enter another World War, and try to stop completely uninvolved o Pearl Harbor changes this, and the US joins the Allies against the Axis Powers—choosing a side and entering a war o Atomic bomb § US makes it out of fear of the Axis Powers, wants to defend itself § Bomb is dropped and the US becomes the only state to have done so, changing its role in the world forever o Results of WWII—US government has huge involvement in the economy

Dominique-
 * Washingtons Farewell adress
 * no ties with other countries, except for trade. completely independent.
 * Monroe Doctrine
 * anyone foreingers invading or of suspicious activity in the western hemisphere (even in other countries) are considered a direct threat to american safety
 * Manifest Destiny
 * utilize all that america has to offer, make the american dream happen.
 * Spanish American War
 * The Monroe doctrine --> similar concept
 * not just about protecting america,
 * "paternalist" feelings-- felt like they had to protect the people of cuba nad the phillipinnes
 * but were really using it for their gains (made it look like a "win win" situation
 * WWI
 * tried to stay out of it
 * remained neutral, however still loaned money to waring nations
 * didnt say anything when BR blockaded germany's north sea and cut them off from U.S. good
 * this went against their neutrality
 * when they bomb the U.S. ship, everything changed,
 * were now directly involved
 * WWII
 * also wanted to stay out of it
 * however, after japan attacked them in pearl harbor, america had to get involved
 * possibly got involved too late? should have helped sooner
 * allies with russia against the axis of power.
 * Germany eventually surenders leaving America to deal with japan
 * AM. decides to leave Russia out of the pacific conflicts,
 * The manhattan project. Drops the atomic bomb. creates a HUGE shift in world power in america's favor.